Resources

General Resources:

American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org

Cavanagh, William C. C., and Karl Cavanagh. A Tour of the Bulge Battlefields. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Books, 2016.

Commemoration in America: Essays on Monuments, Memorialization, and Memory. Edited by David Gobel and Daves Rossell. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2013.

Cour Grand-Ducale de Luxembourg. http://www.monarchie.lu/fr/index.html.

Dolibois, John E. Pattern of Circles: An Ambassador’s Story. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press Kent, 1989.

Doss, Erika. Memorial Mania: Public Feeling in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.

Edwards, Sam. Allies in Memory: World War II and the Politics of Transatlantic Commemoration, c. 1941-2001. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.

Experience and Memory: The Second World War in Europe. Edited by Jörg Echternkamp and Stefan Martens. New York: Berghahn Books, 2010.

Johnson, Nuala C. “Mapping monuments: the shaping of public space and cultural identities.” Visual Communication 1, no. 3 (2002): 293-298.

Males, Carolyn. “Old Castles and Old Glory: Luxembourg Pays Tribute to America.” Travel Holiday 168, no. 6 (December 1987): 34-41.

Memory and Power in Post-War Europe: Studies in the Presence of the Past. Edited by Jan-Werner Müller. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Nora, Pierra. “Between Memory and History: Les Lieux de Memoire.” Representations Special Issue: Memory and Counter-Memory, no. 26 (Spring 1989): 7-24.

Péporté, Pit, Sonja Kmec, Benoît Majerus, and Michel Margue. Inventing Luxembourg: Representations of the Past, Space and Language from the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century. Leiden: Brill, 2010.

Savage, Kirk. “History, Memory, and Monuments: An Overview of the Scholarly Literature on Commemoration.” Organization of American Historians and the National Park Service, 2006.

The Liberty Road in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, 1944-1994. Edited by Georges Arendt, Eugène Brandenburger, Jean Milmeister, Comité Luxembourgeois de la Voie de la Liberté. Translated by Susan A. Eckhart. C.E.B.A., 1994.

“The Ordeal of the Second World War (1940-1945).” The Official Portal of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. http://luxembourg.public.lu/en/le-grand-duche-se-presente/histoire/histoire-mots/seconde-guerre/index.html.

Traces of War. https://www.tracesofwar.com

U.S. Veterans Friends, Luxembourg. Mir Soe Merci! A Grateful Nation Remembers! 2002.

van ‘t Hof, Soja. “Collective Suffering: Consequences of World War II in Luxembourg.” in The Politics of War Trauma: The Aftermath of World War II in Eleven European Countries, edited by Jolande Withuis and Annet Mooij, 167-191. Amsterdam: Aksant, 2010.

“Visit Luxembourg.” Luxembourg for Tourism, 2019. https://www.visitluxembourg.com/en.

“What is an American War Memorial Overseas?” American War Memorials Overseas, 2008, https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/what_is_a_war_memorial_.php.

Memorials:

Alfred S. Etcheverry Letter

“Alfred S. Etcheverry Letter.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=783&MemID=1083.

“Etcheverry, Alfred Starr.” Thurmon King’s New Sackett Family Database. http://sackett-tree.org/getperson.php?personID=I23672&tree=1.

Clervaux Memorial Square

Cercle d’études sur la Bataille des Ardennes (“Study Group on the Battle of the Bulge”), CEBA, http://ceba.lu/main/.

Day G. Turner Memorial

“Dahl – Day G. Turner Memorial.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=787&MemID=1086.

“Day G. Turner.” The Hall of Valor Project. 2019. https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/633.

“Luxembourg – Dahl.” The 80th Infantry Division: Plaques and Monuments. https://www.pararesearchteam.com/80th-Infantry-Division/80th-Infantry-Division-Monuments-004.html.

Morgan, Martin K.A. “Day G. Turner and the Battle of Am Astert.” American Rifleman. January 8, 2016. https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2016/1/8/day-g-turner-and-the-battle-of-am-astert/.

“World War II Medal of Honor Recipients.” U.S. Army Center of Military History. 2016. https://history.army.mil/moh/wwII-t-z.html.

George O. Mergenthaler Memorial

Dolibois, John E. Pattern of Circles: An Ambassador’s Story. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press Kent, 1989.

“George O. Mergenthaler Memorial.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=790&MemID=1090.

Hassel C. Whitefield Memorial

“Hassel C. Whitefield.” The Hall of Valor Project. 2019. https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/22782.

“Whitefield Plaque.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=1125&MemID=1473.

National Liberation Memorial Schumann’s Eck

“National Liberation Memorial.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/site_details.php?SiteID=792.

“National Liberation Memorial.” Éislek Office Régional du Tourisme. https://www.visit-eislek.lu/en/portfolio-fiche/monuments-memorials/national-liberation-memorial.

“Remembrance Hikes.” Visit Luxembourg. https://www.visitluxembourg.com/en/recommended-trips/tour/t/remembrance-hikes.

“Visit National Liberation Memorial Schumann’s Eck.” Europe Remembers. https://europeremembers.com/destination/national-liberation-memorial-schumanns-eck-wiltz/.

Richard Brookins Memorial

“American St. Nick.” https://www.americanstnick.com.

Craig, Gary. “WWII Veteran Richard Brookins, a holiday hero overseas during war, dies at age 96.” Rochester Democrat and Chronicle. October 18, 2018. https://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/2018/10/18/richard-brookins-rochesters-wwii-st-nick-dies-age-96/1681347002/.

Lion, Peter. American St. Nick: A True Story. Springville, UT: Cedar Fort, Inc. 2015.

Martin, Patrick. “A U.S. soldier dressed as St. Nick for kids in war-torn Luxembourg. They never forgot him.” The Washington Post. July 29, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/07/28/a-u-s-soldier-dressed-as-st-nick-for-kids-in-war-torn-luxembourg-they-never-forgot-him/?utm_term=.c005fb74a02d.

“Richard (Dick) Brookins dies aged 96.” RTL. October 13, 2018. https://today.rtl.lu/life/people/1252348.

“The American Saint Nick.” World War II Foundation. http://www.wwiifoundation.org/category/films/american-saint-nick/.

The American St. Nick. Directed by Tim Gray. 2015. Documentary.

4th, 5th, 76th, and 83rd Infantry Divisions Memorial

“4th, 5th, 76th, and 83rd Infantry Divisions.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=694&MemID=980.

6th U.S. Cavalry Regiment Monument

“6th U.S. Cavalry Regiment Monument.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=687&MemID=974.

11th Tank Battalion Memorial

“An author’s study of a World War II tank crash answers a local man’s questions about his father.” Tribune Chronicle. July 04, 2014. http://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2014/07/an-author-s-study-of-a-world-war-ii-tank-crash-answers-a-local-man-s-questions-about-his-father/.

“World War II Incident Sparks Friendship Between Warren, OH and Fentange, Luxembourg.” The City of Warren, Ohio. June 26, 2014. http://www.gfhesper.lu/files/World_War_II_Incident_Sparks_Friendship_Between_Warren_OH_and_Fentange_Lux.pdf.

“11th Tank Battalion Memorial.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=927&MemID=1235.

511th and 814th Engineer Companies

“511 Engineer Light Ponton Company and 814 Engineer Company (FB) Plaque.” The Bulge Bugle 18, no. 4 (November 1999). http://www.veteransofthebattleofthebulge.org/vbob/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/1999-Nov.pdf.

“511th and 814th Engineer Companies.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=793&MemID=1092.

Museums:

Museum of the Battle of the Bulge Clervaux

“Musée de la Bataille des Ardennes.” CEBA. http://ceba.lu/main/?page_id=1028.

“Museum of the Battle of the Bulge.” Destination Clervaux. https://www.destination-clervaux.lu/activities-art-culture/museum-battle-bulge/museum-battle-bulge/.

“Museum of the Battle of the Bulge Clervaux.” Visit Luxembourg. https://www.visitluxembourg.com/en/place/museum/museum-of-the-battle-of-the-bulge-clervaux.

National Museum of Military History

Musée National d’Histoire Militaire. http://www.mnhm.net/ng/.

“National Museum of Military History Diekirch.” Visit Luxembourg. https://www.visitluxembourg.com/en/place/museum/national-museum-of-military-history-diekirch.

385th Bomb Group Memorial Museum

385BG Museum. https://www.385bg.lu.

Markers:

American Bomb Consdorf

“Consdorf Monument – Delayed Action Bomb.” PARARESEARCHTEAM. https://www.pararesearchteam.com/Luxemburg/Consdorf-Bomb-Monument.html.

Battle of the Bulge Marker

“Battle of the Bulge Marker.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=681&MemID=966.

Liberty Road Markers

The Liberty Road in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, 1944-1994. Edited by Georges Arendt,

Eugène Brandenburger, Jean Milmeister, Comité Luxembourgeois de la Voie de la Liberté. Translated by Susan A. Eckhart. C.E.B.A., 1994.

Liberty Road Marker – Frisange

The Liberty Road in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, 1944-1994. Edited by Georges Arendt,

Eugène Brandenburger, Jean Milmeister, Comité Luxembourgeois de la Voie de la Liberté. Translated by Susan A. Eckhart. C.E.B.A., 1994

Remembrance Text welcoming 5th U.S. Armoured Division

“September 1944.” 5th Armored Division. http://www.5ad.org/09_44.html.

“The Road to Germany: The Story of the 5th Armored Division.” Lone Sentry. http://www.lonesentry.com/gi_stories_booklets/5tharmored/index.html.

“The Ghost Army”: Operation Bettembourg

The Ghost Army Legacy Project. http://www.ghostarmylegacyproject.org.

“First Ever Ghost Army Historical Marker.” The Ghost Army Legacy Project. September 26, 2018. http://www.ghostarmylegacyproject.org/news/first-ever-ghost-army-historical-marker.

1255th Engineer Combat Battalion Marker

“511th and 814th Engineer Companies.” American War Memorials Overseas, Inc. https://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=687&MemID=972.

Cemetery:

Overview

“Luxembourg American Cemetery.” American Battle Monuments Commission. https://www.abmc.gov/cemeteries-memorials/europe/luxembourg-american-cemetery#.WtPHDi8UU_U.

“Luxembourg-Hamm, American Military Cemetery.” Visit Luxembourg. https://www.visitluxembourg.com/en/place/misc/american-military-cemetery-luxembourg-hamm.

General Patton’s Grave